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Reducing Hydrogen Sulfide Levels at a Sludge Dewatering Facility

A wastewater treatment plant located in the southern part of the United States was experiencing severe odor problems at their sludge dewatering facility. The facility processes approximately 110,000 gallons per day of primary sludge. During normal operations, atmospheric H2S levels as high as 555 ppm were reported. The application of potassium permanganate at 93 mg/L successfully reduced this level to as low as 2 ppm during the first few minutes.

Treatment with CAIROX ® Potassium Permanganate

Due to the very short reaction time available, a chemical that would provide almost immediate odor control was required. Carus Corporation recommended the use of CAIROX® Potassium Permanganate. CAIROX® was fed through a CXF-1000 feeder equiped with a 15 gallon dissolver tank and pump. The permanganate solution was injected into the discharge side of the sludge dewatering feed pump. Hydrogen sulfide levels that were averaging 555 ppm, determined by data logging Hydrogen sulfide monitors, were immediately reduced to less than 2 ppm (Figure 1). In addition, polymer consumption was reduced from 75 to 33 pounds per day (Figure 2) for savings of approximately $10,000 per year.

Sludge Dewatering Chart

Conclusions from the Sludge Dewatering Facility Study

Cairox Potassium Permanganate effectively:

  • Controlled Hydrogen sulfide and other odors
  • Significantly reduced polymer usage by over 44%
  • Saved approximately $10,000 in yearly polymer expenses
  • Reduced corrosion, overall maintenance costs and minimized employees exposure to H2S
  • Provided a safe, simple, easy to install and effective solution to a common municipal sludge dewatering problem

For More Information

For further information on CAIROX ® potassium permanganate product characteristics and availability, contact Carus Corporation at 1-800-435-6856.


CARULITE® (Hopcalite Type Catalysts)  ·   U.S. Feed Systems  ·   Hazardous Remediation with ISCO  ·   Industrial Applications  ·   Municipal Drinking Water Treatment  ·   Reducing Manganese in Water  ·   In Situ Stabilization ISBS  ·   Taste and Odor Control  ·   Pre-Oxidation  ·   Reducing Hydrogen Sulfide in Water  ·   Mercaptan Odor Control  ·   Wastewater Odor Control  ·   Sludge Dewatering Facility  ·   Trihalomethanes (THM) Control  ·   Industrial Wastewater Treatment  ·   Industrial Water Purification  ·   Municipal Applications - Phosphates  ·   Corrosion Control  ·   Sequestering Agents  ·   Lead Contamination in Water  ·   Organic Oxidation / Fine Chemicals  ·   Curing Grade Manganese Dioxide (MnO2)  ·   Lithium Manganese Spinel  ·   Biofilm Control  ·   Ozone Air Purification