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AQUOX®
AQUOX®
Free-Flowing Grade is recommended where AQUOX® potassium permanganate is subjected to high humidity conditions and where the material is to be dry fed through a chemical feeder or stored in a bin or hopper.
FREE-FLOWING GRADE
Standards and Specifications
Free Flowing Grade meets:
AWWA Standard B603-03
EN-12672/2000
DIN 19619
ANSI/NSF 60
CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA
Formula KMnO4
Formula Weight 158.0 g/mol
Form Granular Crystalline
Specific Gravity
Solid 2.703 g/cm3
3% Solution 1.020 g/mL by weight, 20°C / 4°C
Bulk Density Approximately 1.45-1.60 g/cm3
Decomposition may start at 150 °C / 302 °F
DESCRIPTION
Crystals or granules are dark purple with a metallic sheen, sometimes with a dark bronze-like appearance. Free-Flowing Grade is gray due to an additive. AQUOX has a sweetish, astringent taste and is odorless.
HANDLING, STORAGE, AND INCOMPATIBILITY
Protect containers against physical damage. When handling AQUOX, respirators should be worn to avoid irritation of or damage to mucous membranes. Eye protection should also be worn when handling potassium permanganate as a solid or in solution.
AQUOX is stable and will keep indefinitely if stored in a cool, dry area in closed containers. Concrete floors are preferred to wooden decks. To clean up spills and leaks, follow the steps recommended in the MSDS. Be sure to use goggles, rubber gloves, and respirator when cleaning up a spill or leak.
Avoid contact with acids, peroxides, and all combustible organic or readily oxidizable materials including inorganic oxidizable materials and metal powders. With hydrochloric acid, chlorine gas is liberated. AQUOX is not combustible, but will support combustion. It may decompose if exposed to intense heat. Fires may be controlled and extinguished by using large quantities of water. Refer to the MSDS for more information.
CORROSIVE PROPERTIES
AQUOX® potassium permanganate is compatible with many metals and synthetic materials. Natural rubbers and fibers are often incompatible. Solution pH and temperature are also important factors. The material must be compatible with either the acid or alkali also being used.
In neutral and alkaline solutions, AQUOX is not corrosive to iron, mild steel, or stainless steel; however, chloride corrosion of metals may be accelerated when an oxidant such as AQUOX is present in solution. Plastics such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride Type I (PVC I), epoxy resins, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), Penton, Lucite, Viton A, and Hypalon are suitable. Teflon FEP and TFE, and Tefzel ETFE are best. Refer to Material Compatibility Chart.
Aluminum, zinc, copper, lead, and alloys containing these metals may be (slightly) affected by AQUOX solutions. Actual studies should be made under the conditions in which the product will be used.
SHIPPING
AQUOX is classified by the Hazardous Materials Transportation Board (HMTB) as an oxidizer. It is shipped under Interstate Commerce Comission’s (ICC) Tariff 19.
Proper Shipping Name: Potassium Permanganate
(RQ-100/45.4)
Hazard Class: Oxidizer
Identification Number: UN 1490
Label Requirements: Oxidizer
Packaging Requirements: 49 CFR Parts 100 to 199,
Sections: 173.152, 173.153, 173.194
Shipping Limitations:
Minimum quantities:
Rail car: See Tariff for destination
Truck: No minimum
APPLICATIONS
Listed below are some of the many applications of AQUOX. Potassium Permanganate is a powerful oxidizing agent. The optimum condition under which it is to be used can be easily established through technical service evaluations or laboratory testing.
Oxidation and Synthesis - Organic chemicals and intermediates manufacture. Oxidizes impurities in organic and inorganic chemicals.
Water Treatment - Oxidizes iron, manganese, and hydrogensulfide; controls taste and odor; and is an alternate pre-oxidant for Disinfection By-Product (THMs and HAAs) control.
Municipal Wastewater Treatment - Destroys hydrogen sulfide in wastewater and sludge. Improves sludge dewatering.
Industrial Wastewater Treatment - Oxidizes hydrogen sulfide, phenols, iron, manganese, and many other organic and inorganic contaminants; resultant manganese dioxide aids in removing heavy metals.
Metal Surface Treatment - Conditions mill scale and smut to facilitate subsequent removal by acid pickling in wrought metals manufacturing and jet engine cleaning.
Equipment Cleaning - Assists in cleaning organic and inorganic residues from refining and cooling towers and other processing equipment. Decontaminates hydrogen sulfides, pyrophoric iron sulfides, phenols, and others.
Purification of Gases - Removes trace impurities of sulfur, arsine, phosphine, silane, borane, and sulfides from carbon dioxide and other industrial gases.
Mining and Metallurgical - Aids in separation of molybdenum from copper; removes impurities from zinc and cadmium; oxidizes flotation compounds. Removes iron and manganese from acid mine drainage.
Slag Quenching - Controls hydrogen sulfide and acetylene emissions during quenching of hot slag.
Food Processing - Controls sulfides, soluble animal oil, grease, organic acids, ketones, nitrogen compounds, mercaptans, and BOD.
